Monday, September 7, 2015

The Pentateuch: The Origin, Intended Purpose, and The Bearing On The Relationship Between God and Israel

The Pentateuch, the first five books that make up the Old Testament, is comprised of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus and Deuteronomy. It provides the reader with the background of information and a foundation for the rest of the Bible. Beginning with the book of Genesis and ending with the book of Deuteronomy, the reader begins to understand the creation of the universe; the relationship of God to man, the introduction of man’s first sin against God and the fall of man from grace. It provides us with a genealogy of the tribes of Israel and the development of Gods plan for His people and ultimately, all of mankind. With the exception of Genesis that speaks of the creation, original sin, and God’s destruction of the world by the great flood, the Pentateuch provides God’s Law to the Nation of Israel. Each book contains a separate narrative of God’s relationship with Israel. One of the primary purposes of the Pentateuch was to provide a covenant with the people of Israel and His Laws and instruction for them to live by. By studying the Pentateuch we learn the origin, purpose and bearing of God’s relationship with Israel.
Genesis begins “In the beginning, God created the Heavens and the Earth” Before the creation, there existed nothing but God. This is a difficult concept for us to understand how God spoke the world into existence. This is why I believe it was included in the book. Genesis tells how man was created in God’s image, living in the paradise of the Garden of Eden, and acting as a companion for God. Alas, Satan influence man causing original sin which was man’s breaking away from the Will of God. Genesis tells of God’s desire to destroy the world because of the sin of man. Noah was found to be righteous, so God allowed him to be saved and to rebuild his people through the lineage of Abraham.
Exodus is about God delivering the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. It is here where we begin to see God’s close relationship with Israel. It is also a story of redemption. It tells of Moses, who was called by God to deliver His children out of the bondage of Egyptian slavery. We see God as the Yahweh, or sovereign Lord. After leaving Egypt, God presents His law to Israel. This law, which includes the Ten Commandments, gives Israel the framework for how they would live.
The Book of Leviticus was specifically written to provide instruction and guidance for the Levites. They were the priests of Israel. Their primary job was to act as intermediary with God and to teach the Israelites how to worship God. The priests were to make sacrifices to God as atonement for the sins of the nation. Following the guidelines presented in the book of Leviticus allowed the nation of Israel to be cleansed of their sins.
Numbers is the fourth book of the Pentateuch. It is primarily a narrative of the 40 years of wandering in the wilderness by the children of Israel. This wandering was a punishment by God for sins and disobedience of the Israelis. It presents God as a God of judgment but also a God who loves and forgives.  The book gets its name from the numbering of the tribes of Israel.
The final book of the Pentateuch is Deuteronomy. It is basically an affirmation of the original law provided by God. It is God’s reminder that, as they were entering into the Promised Land and thereby fulfilling God’s original promise, they were to continue to follow His law and to pass these law on to future generations. It is in this chapter that God’s covenant with Israel is renewed.

So by reading and understanding the Pentateuch, we see the progression of God’s relationship with Israel, the origin of mankind and the direction God wished for the development of the nation of Israel.  


References:
1.  The Law: The First Five Books. (n.d.). Retrieved September 4, 2015, from https://bible.org/seriespage/3-law-first-five-books

2. The Pentateuch: The Cornerstone of Scripture. (n.d.). Retrieved September 4, 2015, from https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/1210-pentateuch-the-cornerstone-of-scripture-the


3. The Law: The First Five Books. (n.d.). Retrieved September 4, 2015, from https://bible.org/seriespage/3-law-first-five-books

4. The Documentary Hypothesis, and the identity of the Pentateuch's authors. (n.d.). Retrieved September 5, 2015, from http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_tora1.htm

5. Branson, R., & Edlin, J. (2003). Discovering the Old Testament: Story and faith. Kansas City, Mo.: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City.











No comments:

Post a Comment